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Investigative Study

COLLAGENATED XENOGRAFT BIOMATERIAL INDUCES OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION MARKERS IN ADIPOSE-DERIVED STEM CELLS IN VITRO

L. Pastore1, L. Zucchinelli2 , L. Scapoli3

1 Dental School, Albanian University, Tirana, Abania
2 Private Practice, Bergamo, Italy
3 Dept of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Correspondence to:

Luca Scapoli, PhD
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences,
University of Bologna,
Via Belmeloro 8,
40126 Bologna, Italy

Annals of Stomatology 2022 May-August; 2(2): 41-46
DOI https://doi.org/10.69129/stomatol/2022v2iss2_1


Received: 29 April 2022 Accepted: 27 May 2022

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Abstract

Bone regeneration is a complex biological process crucial for healing bone damage that involves a coordinated sequence of cellular and molecular events, including inflammation, stem cell recruitment, proliferation, differentiation, and matrix deposition. Various surgical techniques have been developed to help bone regeneration and restore tissue damaged by infections, tooth loss, neoplasms, or local trauma. The use of xenografts and alloplastic bone substitutes takes advantage of eliminating the restricted source and morbidity rate of the donor site of autologous and allogeneic grafts. In vitro, studies could help to evaluate the effectiveness of these products and can help to test the biocompatibility and biological characteristics of biomaterials. In this investigation, we studied if OsteoBiol, an animal-derived collagenated bone matrix, can promote osteoblast differentiation of adipocyte stem cells cultured in vitro. The expression levels of markers of bone differentiation were monitored at different time points by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction. After 24 h of treatment, SPP1 was up-regulated, as were FOSL1, COL4A1, and MMP14. After 4 days of treatment, FOSL1 and COL4A1 remained increased, and COL1A1 was up-regulated. OsteoBiol promotes the expression of several important genes of osteoblast differentiation. Additional research could provide deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms and enhance the practical application of these findings in clinical settings.

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