CALCIUM SULFATE ACTS ON MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS: AN EXPRESSION PROFILE EVALUATION

P. Daliu¹, E. Isufaj² , M. Martinelli³

¹ Department Pharmacology, Albanian University, Tirana, Albania
² Dental School, Albanian University, Tirana, Abania
³ Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Correspondence to:

Annals of Stomatology 2021 September-December; 1(1): 18-24
https://doi.org/10.69129/stomatol/2021v1iss1_4

Received: 3 September 2021 Accepted: 1 October 2021

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Abstract

Calcium sulfate, with the chemical formula CaSO₄, exists in several hydrated and anhydrous forms, including gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate), hemihydrate (plaster of Paris), and anhydrite. It is insoluble in water and exhibits excellent thermal stability, making it suitable for high-temperature applications. Calcium sulfate is non-toxic and environmentally friendly, contributing to its widespread use in various fields. For this reason, we studied how calcium sulfate can induce osteoblast differentiation in dental pulp-derived stem cells by measuring the expression levels of bone-related and extracellular matrix-related genes using real-time -Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time -PCR). The obtained results showed an upregulation of the SP7 and MMP7 genes. Calcium sulfate-based materials are used in dental procedures for socket preservation, guided bone regeneration, and sinus augmentation. In periodontal surgery, calcium sulfate barriers prevent soft tissue ingrowth and promote bone regeneration around dental implants. Calcium sulfate can activate several genes of mesenchymal stem cells, stimulating bone regeneration.

Keywords: bone regeneration, calcium sulfate, dental implants, gene expression